Save Halkett Bay

Too little is known about the effects of artificial reefs on the locations where they are placed. The science is lagging behind the fact that there have been dozens of end-of-life ships sunk around the world.

Are standards for "cleaning" ships keeping up with environmental law that prohibits releasing toxins into the environment?

What are the impacts on marine life of sinking ships that no longer have any use? 

 Below are links to papers that explore these and similar questions (more to come).

Scuttling ships: Some effects on marine biota

Forrestal Scrapping and Dismantling

Artificial Reefs: A Disposal Option for Navy Ships

Groups that are working hard to oppose "ships as reefs":

Basel Action Network (BAN)

Georgia Strait Alliance

The No Ship Action Group

Artificial Reefs: Real Concerns